Thursday, May 17, 2007
Introduction
Introduction:
There are six different types of volcanoes, composite, shield, cinder cone, spatter cone, and complex. Composite volcanoes are formed by layers of rock and lava fragments. They are very hard to monitor because they always seem inactive, then, out of nowhere, they explode. The explosion during the eruption is caused by viscous magma. Viscous magma causes the crater pipe to clog, then explode under pressure. Composite volcanoes are often very tall and have snow covered peaks.
Shield volcanoes are very large. They are built from lava flows from many vents. They are formed by hot spots and mid-ocean ridges. Shield volcanoes have very low exploding eruptions. There are many shield volcanoes found in Hawaii.
Cinder cones are steep hills formed above a lava vent. Cinder cones are the most common type of volcano and a very common type of land form. Cinder cones are formed by explosive eruptions and often form in groups. They usually grow on flanks of composite or shield volcanoes. Cinder cones are formed when a vent erupts and the debris gathers around the vent and piles up. Cinder cones grow very fast. In a very short time, they are their maximum size. Cinders cones rarely grow larger than 250m tall and 500 m in diameter. Cinder cones have very short lives and are easily modified during that life. They are modified by the vent shifting or changing position. One cinder cone in Mexico grew to be 300ft tall just five days after it was born.
Spatter cones form when lava only makes a small eruption, and small eruptions are caused by magma only having a small amount of explosive gas. Formed by spatter, lava
Fragments that join together to form large clots of lava. When the spatter spreads, it forms a spatter cone. When spatter has been shot out of the vent, it piles up, when it piles up, it molds together. When the spatter hardens it forms a steep-sided hill. When the steep hill gets taller, if forms the spatter cone. Between the peak and the vent, there is a large, vertical, cave like hole.
Geothermal energy is energy from the earth’s heat. This energy provides us with a big advantage over many things, like it produces electricity and heat. There are nearly 70 geothermal power plants currently located in California, Nevada, Utah, and Hawaii, with higher temperature geothermal resources present in most of the western U.S. and the Gulf coast. Geothermal produced electricity provides an economic benefit to the nation, in that the electricity is dependable, has high availability for use, and is produced from a source that is here in the U.S, so we don’t need to go around the world to get it. Further, sales of electricity and of U.S. made equipment, both within the U.S. and abroad, provide significant benefits to the economy.
This energy also makes heat, which actually heats over 70% of homes in Alaska. Also the heat may be used to do other things like heat up pools, spas, and homes. The U.S. government receives about $40 million annually in royalty and lease payments from the geothermal energy production on federal lands. This is a very good energy source for all these reasons but the best thing is really the Fact that it comes from a domestic source. Geothermal energy has definitely changed the world. This is definitely one of the good reasons that volcanoes were made. This energy provides us with heat and electricity from an endless source; it can’t get better then that. This energy will help our society for a very long time and the U.S hopes to make this energy strongest and do more things than ever before.
In thermal power stations, mechanical power is produced by a heat engine, which transforms thermal energy, often from combustion of a fuel into rotational energy. Most thermal power stations produce steam, and these are sometimes called steam power stations. Not all thermal energy can be transformed to mechanical power, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, there is always heat lost to the environment. If this loss is employed as useful heat, for industrial processes or district heating, the power plant is referred to as a co generation power plant or CHP (combined heat-and-power) plant. In countries where district heating is common, there are dedicated heat plants called heat only boiler stations. An important class of power stations in the Middle East uses byproduct heat for desalination of water. Thermal power plants are classified by the type of fuel and the type of prime mover installed. Geothermal power plants use steam extracted from hot underground rocks.
There are six different types of volcanoes, composite, shield, cinder cone, spatter cone, and complex. Composite volcanoes are formed by layers of rock and lava fragments. They are very hard to monitor because they always seem inactive, then, out of nowhere, they explode. The explosion during the eruption is caused by viscous magma. Viscous magma causes the crater pipe to clog, then explode under pressure. Composite volcanoes are often very tall and have snow covered peaks.
Shield volcanoes are very large. They are built from lava flows from many vents. They are formed by hot spots and mid-ocean ridges. Shield volcanoes have very low exploding eruptions. There are many shield volcanoes found in Hawaii.
Cinder cones are steep hills formed above a lava vent. Cinder cones are the most common type of volcano and a very common type of land form. Cinder cones are formed by explosive eruptions and often form in groups. They usually grow on flanks of composite or shield volcanoes. Cinder cones are formed when a vent erupts and the debris gathers around the vent and piles up. Cinder cones grow very fast. In a very short time, they are their maximum size. Cinders cones rarely grow larger than 250m tall and 500 m in diameter. Cinder cones have very short lives and are easily modified during that life. They are modified by the vent shifting or changing position. One cinder cone in Mexico grew to be 300ft tall just five days after it was born.
Spatter cones form when lava only makes a small eruption, and small eruptions are caused by magma only having a small amount of explosive gas. Formed by spatter, lava
Fragments that join together to form large clots of lava. When the spatter spreads, it forms a spatter cone. When spatter has been shot out of the vent, it piles up, when it piles up, it molds together. When the spatter hardens it forms a steep-sided hill. When the steep hill gets taller, if forms the spatter cone. Between the peak and the vent, there is a large, vertical, cave like hole.
Geothermal energy is energy from the earth’s heat. This energy provides us with a big advantage over many things, like it produces electricity and heat. There are nearly 70 geothermal power plants currently located in California, Nevada, Utah, and Hawaii, with higher temperature geothermal resources present in most of the western U.S. and the Gulf coast. Geothermal produced electricity provides an economic benefit to the nation, in that the electricity is dependable, has high availability for use, and is produced from a source that is here in the U.S, so we don’t need to go around the world to get it. Further, sales of electricity and of U.S. made equipment, both within the U.S. and abroad, provide significant benefits to the economy.
This energy also makes heat, which actually heats over 70% of homes in Alaska. Also the heat may be used to do other things like heat up pools, spas, and homes. The U.S. government receives about $40 million annually in royalty and lease payments from the geothermal energy production on federal lands. This is a very good energy source for all these reasons but the best thing is really the Fact that it comes from a domestic source. Geothermal energy has definitely changed the world. This is definitely one of the good reasons that volcanoes were made. This energy provides us with heat and electricity from an endless source; it can’t get better then that. This energy will help our society for a very long time and the U.S hopes to make this energy strongest and do more things than ever before.
In thermal power stations, mechanical power is produced by a heat engine, which transforms thermal energy, often from combustion of a fuel into rotational energy. Most thermal power stations produce steam, and these are sometimes called steam power stations. Not all thermal energy can be transformed to mechanical power, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, there is always heat lost to the environment. If this loss is employed as useful heat, for industrial processes or district heating, the power plant is referred to as a co generation power plant or CHP (combined heat-and-power) plant. In countries where district heating is common, there are dedicated heat plants called heat only boiler stations. An important class of power stations in the Middle East uses byproduct heat for desalination of water. Thermal power plants are classified by the type of fuel and the type of prime mover installed. Geothermal power plants use steam extracted from hot underground rocks.
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